Boring machine



Nov. 25, 1924. 1,516,815 F A.F. FRoUs's/ARD BORING MACHINE Filed Feb. s, 19.22 2 shams-shan 2 l if 61 Patented Nov. 25, i924.

israele ALBERT 1F. FROUSSARD, Ol? ST. ROUES, MISSOURI.

BORING MACHNE.

Application lled February 6, 1922. Serial No. 534,466.

To 7l whom t may concern:

Be it known` that l, ALBERT F. FROUS- sAno, a citizen ot the United States, residing at the city of St. Louis, in the State oli lwlissouri, have invented certain .new and useful improvements in Boring Machines, ot which the tollowing is a specification.

This invention is a machine especially intended and adapted for boring the cylinders ot internal'combustion engines and the like, particularly 'for the purpose of removing carbon or inequalities due to wear.

Among the especial merits of this machine are the tact-s that it will produce absolutely true work and that it can be lett unattended trom the beginning 0'1": the work until its completion, thus allowing its operator to perform other duties meanwhile.

Other advantages of this device are its easy adjustability to any sir/.e ot bore, the security with which its working tools are held after adjustment, and the tact that it can be easily and accurately adjusted for speed, so that it can be predeterminedly adjusted to bore any designated job in either a short time (it speed be required) or in n much longer time (it smoothness and absolute precision be required).

inother advantage is its easy convertihility from a power-driven machine to one manually operated, and vice versa.

Another feature ot advantage in this construction is the strength and durability ot its bearing head and also of its main body, and the length and area of the bearing' surtace olE its main operating shaft.

In the accompanying draw; forming parto't this specification, in which like numbers o?" reterence denote like parts wherever they occur,

Figure l vertical central sectional view;

Figure is sectional view on an enscale taken on the line 2-2 in looking in the direction indicated by the arrows;

Figures ,il and 4 are side and end elevations, respectively, oli one ot the cutters.

Figure 53 is a top plan view oi" the cutterhead shown in Figure l, with four top rings partly broken away to reveal the construction thereunder;

Figure 6 is a vertical sectional view through a cutter-head, taken on the line 6 6 in Figure 5, particularly illustrating the location and means 'tor adjusting one of the cutters;

Figure 7 is an enlarged vertical central section ot t-he mechanism for driving the feed-screw; and

Figure 8 is a bottom plan view of the cut ter-head, the same being illustrated partly in plan and partly in section.

The cylinder 1 to be bored or rebored, containing the water jacket 2, rests upon table 3, and is clamped thereto in any suitable manner. Flange 4 contains holes 5. adapted to receive screws 6, by which flange 7 ot base t3 of' this boring tool is attached to the cylinder 1 to be bored.

`Flange 9 of casing 10 rests upon the top of base 8. Holes 11 in base 8 are screwthreaded and adapted to receive screws 12, which pass through passages or holes 13, through flange 9. l'Vashers 14 overlie holes 13, and the heads 15 of screws 12 press upon washers 14 when the said screws have been tightened home.

A; bracket 16 extends outwardly from casing 10, and serves as convenient adjacent support for a. small motor 17, which is attached-to arm 16 by Vbolts 18. The said 'motor 17 is provided with a sprocket wheel 19 or other suitable driving device mounted upon its shaft 20, which sprocket wheel l9 drives sprocket chain 21, in engagement with sprocket 22 mounted upon shatt provided with flywheel 24.

la concave bearing- 25 is fixed within casing 10 at its lower part, and a similar concave bearing 26 is ixed within casing 10 at its upper end, thesaid bearings being vis-avis. or facing each other, with their concavities extending in opposite directions.

ln bearing 25 is placed a convex or tapered bearing 27 .adapted to match therein, and within bearing 25 is placed a convex or tapered bearing 28 adapted to match therein.

A key or keys 30 connect the lower partV of bearing 28y to the hub 81 of gear 32, which is in mesh with a worm 29 keyed at 23 on shaft 23. Key or keys 33 unite bearing 27 to hub 31. Setscrew 34 attaches hub 31 to shaft 35.

A washer is interposed between hub 31 and collar 41.

Collar 41 is in threaded engagement with bearing 27, and is prevented from unscrewing by loch-nut or lock-collar 96, which is likewise in threaded engagement with the bearing 27. Collars 41 and 96 lie within cavity 43.

A collar 44 rests upon the upper edge of bearing 26, and is connected by threads at 45 to the upper end of bearing 28. Collar 44 is secured against working loose by locknut 97. lt will be observed that there is no wear on the shaft 85 at all, as it travels with the two large inner cone-shaped beau ings 27 and 28, which revolve in the two outer housing cone-shaped bearings and 26, so that if there is any wear 'it will be on the cone-shaped bearings and this wear is taken up with the aid of adjusting nuts 41, 96, 44, and 97, which assures continual accuracy. This exceptionally large bearing surface is an important feature in enabling the machine to rebore a round and straight hole with extreme accuracy, heretofore unknown.

Vertical. thrust on the shaft 35 is take` by the collar 96, which rests upon the top edge of bearing 25 and upon shoulder 42 formed ywithin casing 10. Compensation for wear on collar 96, shoulder 42, and the top edge of bearing 25 as well as between the contacting faces of bearings 25 and is made by removing washer 40 and substituting another washer of greater thickness.

The cavity within casing 10 is inclosed by a casing 46, having a vfrange 47 and :i top plate 48, the latter being attached by screws to the top edge of casing 46.

The lower part of casing 46 terminates in a flange 50, which in part rests upon the flange 51 of casing 10 and is attached thereto by screws 52 and in part terminates in flange 53, which rests upon flange 54 of the housing forming part of casing l0. Flange 54 abuts against shoulder 56. lVhen it is required to adjust bearings 27 and 28, the casing 46 is unfastened and, together with the boring bar assembly, is elevated a suitable height to expose the lower bearing for the purpose of replacing washer 40 with another washer of greater thiclt ness, the letter being of such thickness will compensate for the wear on the bearinor facest Collar 41 is then replaced ant um s screwed tight against the substit hd Washer and, in turn, is locltet.L in place l; lock collar 96 which. is screwed tight against the collar 4l. ..-"\..djustment of the upper bearing 28 is made by removing top plate 48 and screwing` collar 44 so as to cause the bearing 28 to be drawn into snug contact with the surrounding face of bearing Lock collar 97 is then screwed tight against the collar 44, after which the. top plate 48 may be replaced. The adjustment of the upper bearing is, usually made after the lower bearing has been adjusted and the casing 46 replaced.

strap 57 is attached by screws 58 to the side of casing 46 and contains at its top a threaded opening for the passage of screw 59, which is intended and adapted to hold box 60 stationaryY at all times.

Collar 71 is attached by setscrew 7 0 to the upper end of shaft 35 and underlies the bearings 78 for worin 66, to which collar 71 the said bearings 78 are afiixed. A collar 69 bears against the underside of the bof; 66 and is secured to shaft 35 by setscrew A passage 94 is milled in the side ofv 'f bearing against the upper and lower ends,

resl'iectively, of bearing 98, and secured to the shaft 86 by set screws 101.

lioosely mounted on the shaft 36 and resting on collar 99 is a worm-wheel 65 having a frustro conical hub which is adapted to be engaged by an internal cone 68 tapped at 102 to nt thread 62 of shaft 36. ll'lormwheel 65 is driven by a worm 66 .fixed to a shaft 66 by a key 108. Shaft 66 is journaled in the bearings 73 and extends at one end 104 to a point over the teeth of bevel 68, and has secured to the cxtendcd end 104 a bevel pinion 67 which en" gages with bevel gear 68. End 104 o' reduced diameter and externally threaded to receive nut 105, which clamps pinion 67 against shoulder 106 on shaft 66. lllhen shaft 35 revolves, it carries with it collar 71 and its boxes 78 and shaft 66', and

therebyv causes pinion 67 to travel over the;

teeth of gear 68, resulting in the rotation of jinion 67, shaft 66', worm 66, and worm.- wheel 65. lith cone 68 out of engagement with cone 64, as shown best in Figure. 15. worin-wheel 65 with its associated cone 6l rotates loosely on shaft 36. However. when it is desired to employ the means by which the boring bar is turned for also olierating the feed screw to advance the cutter head, cone 68 is screwed down upcn cone 64. thereby clamping cone 64 and gear between conc 68 and collar 99, and thereby causing gear 65 and sha-ft 36 to be rotated simultaneously. 'Vhen it is desired to operate the feed screw by hand cone 63 is disengaged from cone 64, and the shaft 86 rotated manually by handle 6l, secured to shaft 36 by nuts 107, fitting the threads 62 on shaft 36.

An annular cutter-head 38 is adapted to slide vertically on the shaft 35, and is caused to rotate in unison therewith by a block 37, which functions as a feather key in groove 94, and is secured to cutter-head 38 by a screw 81. To relieve the small screw 81 from transverse shearing strains, incident to the rotation and vertical movement of cutter-head 38, radial recesses 108, communicating with the central hole 109 in cutter-head 38, are provided, one at the top, and one at the bottom, to fit the projections 110, at the top and bottom, respectively, of block 37. Block 37 has a tapped hole 7 5, which engages the threads 74 of shaft 36, whereby it is adapted to act, also, as a feed-nut and imparts vertical movement-to the cutter-head 38 upon the rotation of shaft 36. y

lt is evident that the reduction gearing above described for driving the feed-screw 36 from the shaft 35 provides a very fine feed, while still enabling the use of a coarse thread on the feed-screw, thereby insuring a long life to the threads.

The cutter-head 38 is externally screw-k threaded at 76 and again at 77. Collar 78 is internally screwthreaded to co-operate with thread 76, and is adjustable inwardly and outwardly of the cutter head for causing the cutters 39 to be projected from the cutter' head a greater or lesser degree according to whether it is required to counter bore a small. or large cylinder-bore, the device being thus not only adapted for cylinders of standard sizes but also for special types having eXtra large bores. ln the latter instance, the cutters 39 will be forced to their utmost extent radially outward through openings 79 in the lower part of the outer ring or wall 80 of cutter-head 38. Collar or ring 78 is preferably arranged to revolve principally within groove 93.

It will be observed that the long passage 94 makes shaft 35 a hollow shaft to that extent, and that some support is thereby afforded the long feed-screw 36 through the feed-nut 37 and the bearing 98.

lhen the cutters 39 have been adjusted inwardly or outwardly, as may be desired, by collar 78, a strengthening or reinforcing collar 82 ina-y be forced down upon them by internall 7-threaded ring 83, co-operating with threads 77 formed upon the exterior of the main body of cutter-head 38.

ring 84 having a bead 85 underlies collar 78, and the said bead rests upon the arm 86 of critter' 39, while underneath the said arm 86 is va loose pin 87 having rounded upper and lower ends 88 and 89, the latter resting upon a washer 90, resting on an internally-threaded ring 91, co-operating with threads inside groove 92 in the lower surface of the main body 80 of cutter-head 38.

Ring 91 has radial slots 111 in its bottom threadedly-adjustable, it is evident that considerable latitude of adjustmentis afforded for the cutters 39, because arm 86 rocks on head 88 like on a fulcrum, and, besides, the pins 87 as well as bead 85, can be raised or lowered. l/Vhen ring 78 is screwed downwardly the pressure on arms 86 is such as to force all the cutters 39 outwardly through openings 79. This movement can be made even larger by unscrewing ring 91 downwardly. Screwing rings 91 and 78 upwardly, or either of them, 'will allow the retrocession of cutters 39. Even the mere screwing upwardly of ring 78 will permit this movement, and if the tool be then inserted in a smaller bore cylinder the cutters 39 will do their work.

AA scale may, if desired, be marked upon the outside of ring 78, so as to indicate to the comparatively unskilled workman eX- actl y how to adjust the instrument for use in boring a cylinder of any known size. A sleeve 112 tightly fitting in or otherwise fixed to the inside of cutter-head 38 closes the opening of the passages 79 into the hole 109 and has a slit at 113 for clearing the feed-nut 37. The sides 114 of thev sleeve 112 receive part of the force exerted by the feednut in turning the cutter-head 38, and thereby relieve the force on the projections 110 to. that extent.

It will be observed that the connection of the cutter-head 38 with the work shaft 35 is unitary with the means whereby the cutterhead 38 isl fed forward, namely, by means of the feedscrew 36 and feed-nut 37 When using cutter-head 38, it is preferable to clamp cone 63 against cone 64, and thus drive the feed-screw 36 automatically. Then cutter-head 38 has completed its cutting operation. cone 63 is disengaged from cone 64 and the cutter-head withdrawn from the cylinder 1, by turning handle 61 in the reverse direction.

The machine may be driven by the motor 17 or by hand through the handle 95 on the fly-wheel 24. as desired.

Having thus described this invention, I hereby reserve the benefit of all changes in form, arrangement, order, or use of parts, as it is evident that many minor changes may be made therein without departing from the spirit of this invention or the scope of the following claims.

I claim:

1. Ln a boring machine, a shaft/and means for rotating. same, a cutter-head fixed to the shaft for rotation therewith, and means for feeding the cutter-head longitudinally of the shaft contemporaneously with the rotation of the latter, said means comprising a cap plate fixed on the shaft, a worm carried by the plate, a feed screw threadedly engaged with the cutter-head, a worm wheel driven from the said worin and looselj7 mounted on the said shaft, a stationary boxing providing a bearing for the said cap plate, (3o-operative gearing carried by the said boxing and the said worm for effecting rotation of the latter during the revolution of the shaft,` and means for placing the said loose worm wheel into and out of driving relation with the said feed screw.

Q. In aboring machine, a shaft and means for rotating sam-e, a. longitudinally adjustable cutter-head fixed on the shaft for rotation therewith, a feed screw threadedly engaged with the cutter-head, a stationary boxing encircling the shaft and presenting a circular gear track, a cap plate fixed to the shaft and having a bearing in the said boxing within which it rotates, a worm wheel loosely mounted on the said feed screw, a worm. shaft carried by said cap plate, a gear carried by said worm shaft constrained to travel over the said gear track for rotating the worm shaft, a worm also carried by said worm shaft and in driving relation with the said worm wheel, and means for placing` the said worm wheel into and out of driving relation with the said feed screw.

3. In a boring machine, a shaft and means for rotating same, a longitudinally adjustable cutter-head fixed on the shaft for rotati'on therewith, a feedscrew threadedly engaged with the said cutter-head, a driving element loosely mounted on the said feed screw and having a convex conical hub, means operable upon the rotation of the shaft for transmitting rotary movement to the said driving element, and a driven element fixed t'o the said feed screw for rotation therewith and presenting an internal cone for frictional engagement over the conical hub of the said driving element, said driven element being adjustable on the feed screw for movement into and out of engagement with the said driving element.

4. In a boring machine, a shaft and means forrotating same, a longitudinally adjustable. cutter-head fixed on the shaft for rotation therewith, a feed screw having its outer ends threaded, one of. said. ends being threadedly engaged with the said cutter-head, a drix'fingj element loosely mounted on the said feed. screw, means operable upon the rotation of the said shaft for transmitting rotary movement to the said driving element, a driven element threadedly engaged with the other threaded. end of the said feed screw for movement into and out of contact with the said driving element, and c'o-acting clutch members respectively carried by the said driving and driven elements.

5. In a boring machine, a shaft and means for rotating same, a longitudinally adjustable cutter-head fixed on the shaft. for rota.- tion therewith, a feed screw threadedly engaged with the cutter-head, a driving elcment loosely mounted on. the said feed screw, a fixed stationary member presenting a gear track encircling the shaft, gearing between the said track and the said driving element` said gearing being fixed on the shaft and operating up'on rotation of the latter to transmit rotary movement to the said driving element, and means for placing the said loose driving element into driving relation with the said feed screw.

6. In a boring machine, a support casing having a central gear housing and oppositely disposed bearing portions with relatively oppositely tapered bearing faces, a shaft extending through the said housing and bearing portions respectively, means for rotating the said shaft including a worm journaled in the said gear housing, a cutter-head carried by the said shaft, and a driver for the said shaft comprising outer bearing members tapered t'o conform to the said bearing portions of the said casing within which they rotate and an intermediate member connecting the said outer members, said intermediate member being fixed on the said shaft and presenting a worm wheel in mesh with the worm of the said shaft-rotating means.

7. In a boring machine, a support casing having a central gear housing and oppositely disposed bearing portions with relatively oppositely tapered bearing faces, a shaft extending through the housing and bearing portions of the said casing, a cutter-head on the said shaft, means for rotating the shaft including a worm ournaled in the said gear housing, a driver for the shaft comprising a worm gear fixed on the shaft and having oppositely tapered extensions fixed to the hub and bearing in the said bearing portions of the said casing, and bearing collars carried by the said extensions resting upon the upper edges of the said bearing portions respectively, said collars being threadedly engaged with the said extensions to permit adjustment of the said extensions with respect to the said bearing portions.

8. In a boring machine, a support casing of upper and lower separable sections flanged at their inner engaging ends to provide a gear h'ousing and presenting tapered bearing portions on opposite sides of the housing, said bearing portions being widest at their inner ends, a shaft extending through the said casing, a cutter-head on the shaft, a worm wheel embracing the shaft and fixed thereon, said Worm Wheel being adapted to be enclosed Within the gear housing of the said casing, bearing cones einbraoing the said shaft on opposite sides of the said Worm Wheel and engaging the bearing faces of the said bearing portions of the casing, Said cones being unitary With the said Worm Wheel, and means for rotating the said shaft including a Worm Journaled 1n the said gear housing in driving engagel0 sign ature.

ALBERT F. FROUSSARD. 

